What's behind the apparent rise of ADHD and autism in Australia

Rates of ADHD and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) appear to be rapidly increasing across Australia and around the world. But what is driving this apparent rise?

We live in a world where access to information is greater than ever before. This undoubtedly comes with pros and cons, but when it comes to understanding neurodiversity, it has been extremely powerful.

Back in the 1970s, 80s, and even into the 90s, ADHD and ASD were not understood like they are today. ADHD was largely studied in young boys, so the diagnostic criteria was modelled on what we saw in (mostly) hyperactive boys.

Girls tend to present differently – they are often inattentive, have high levels of masking, and symptoms often become apparent at a slightly older age, typically around puberty. This led to many cases being missed until much later in life.

Girls, and therefore women, were often undiagnosed or misdiagnosed as having generalised anxiety, depression, personality disorders, or even psychotic illnesses such as bipolar disorder. Being undiagnosed and untreated can lead to increased risk of other mental health issues, including substance abuse, eating disorders, higher rates of self-harm, incarceration, and even suicide.

With increasing awareness and education — after seeing their own children or family members diagnosed, after years of wondering why certain treatments haven't worked—individuals are now learning that their struggles may in fact have a reason.

Women also find that coping mechanisms built over the years no longer seem effective as they reach certain life stages. Having children, perimenopause, and menopause are all times when women often present for help.

Understanding how your autistic or ADHD brain works is extremely important and powerful. Acceptance, being kind to yourself, lowering demands, and finding the right treatment options are all vital in your journey towards a happier and healthier life.

The government is currently increasing the ability of General Practice to diagnose and treat ADHD, so we encourage you to discuss your concerns with us. If you have any questions or concerns on this topic, we're here to help.

Call us on 4284 4622 to book an appointment.

Thanks to Bulli Medical Practice for supporting local news via regular partner content and print advertising in the Illawarra Flame. Find more articles in our Health & Wellness section